The Erythrocyte sedimentation rate test is used to determine inflammatory response in the body. Inflammation is part of the immune response system. The ESR is a useful test for diagnosing inflammation, infection, trauma or malignant disease. The ESR can act as important prognostic factor in non-inflammatory conditions, such as coronary heart disease, stroke, heart failure and prostate cancer. The Erythrocyte sedimentation rate test is a blood test that determines the speed at which erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), settle to the bottom of a test tube containing a blood sample. Red blood cells often settle relatively slowly. A higher-than-average rate could be a sign of inflammation in the body. Therefore, an ESR test can help determine if one has a condition that causes inflammation, monitor the progress of inflammatory diseases, and evaluate response to treatment.

C-reactive protein (CRP) in the blood is produced by the liver and released into the bloodstream.A high level of CRP indicates inflammation . A CRP quantitative test may detect or monitor inflammation in acute or chronic diseases such as bacterial or viral infections, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and other gastrointestinal illnesses such as inflammatory bowel diseases and lung conditions like asthma.

An antinuclear antibodyies(ANA)test detects antinuclear antibodies in the blood ; theseantibodies attack the nucleus (center) of the cells. ANA detection by Iimmunoblot is the technique used to identify specificANA antibodies. High levels of ANA indicate an autoimmune disorder.This test helps diagnose autoimmune conditions and rule out lupus or other autoimmune diseases. This test is prescribed to individuals having symptoms of fever, rash, blisters, skin color changes, fatigue, joint pain, stiffness, swelling, or muscle pain.

The ANA test or indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test recognizes the pattern and titres (levels) of antinuclear antibodies in the blood. Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) are antibodies that attack the body's own tissues. ANA testing is generally used to diagnose systemic autoimmune connective tissue disorders. These antibodies increase the risk of having autoimmune disorders like rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune hepatitis, scleroderma (hardening and tightening of the skin), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), myositis, and Sjogren's syndrome (a type of immune system disorder causing dry eyes and dry mouth).

This ANCA Profile ELISA test checks antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) in the blood. ANCA are autoantibodies that attack healthy white blood cells called as neutrophils and may cause certain autoimmune diseases. The presence of ANCA indicates inflammatory rheumatic diseases, autoimmune hepatitis, and inflammatory bowel disease.