Bicarbonate, Serum
Bicarbonate, Serum
Bicarbonate, serum test measures the level of bicarbonate in the blood to determine electrolyte or acid-base (pH) imbalance. Bicarbonate, a chemical compound, and a form of carbon dioxide, acts as a buffer (base) in the body, regulating pH levels. It plays a vital role in various physiological processes, including digestion and kidney function.
This test helps diagnose and monitor conditions such as acidosis (build-up of acid in the body fluids) or alkalosis (loss of acid from the body fluids) guiding appropriate medical interventions for optimal physiological function.
This test is also known as Carbon dioxide test, CO2 test, Total CO2, Bicarb, HCO3
Signs and symptoms of acid-base imbalance
Accelerated heartbeat (tachycardia)
Confusion or dizziness
Feeling very tired (fatigue)
Loss of appetite
Headache
Rapid breathing or long, deep breathing
Nausea and vomiting
Breath that smells sweet or fruity
What is a Bicarbonate, Serum test used for?
A bicarbonate, serum test is performed
As a part of routine health check-up in individuals with kidney disease, liver failure, other conditions related to metabolism
To confirm acid-base imbalance in individuals exhibiting symptoms
To monitor the effectiveness of treatments and interventions aimed at managing electrolyte imbalance
Test preparation
Bicarbonate, serum test does not require any special preparation. Make sure your doctor is aware of what prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines, or dietary supplements you are taking before undergoing the test
Interpretation of the Test Results
The units of measurement for the results are milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L)
Normal bicarbonate levels: 22 to 29 mEq/L
Deviations from the normal levels indicate:
· A high bicarbonate level usually indicates metabolic alkalosis (a condition that causes an increase in the pH levels in the body). This condition can be attributed to various causes including vomiting, dehydration, anorexia, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
A low bicarbonate level usually indicates metabolic acidosis (a condition that causes a decrease in the pH levels in the body). This condition can be attributed to various causes including diarrhoea, kidney disease, and liver failure.
FAQs
How is the sample collected for a bicarbonate, serum test?
A healthcare professional will take a small amount of blood sample from a vein in your arm, using a small needle, which is collected into a test tube or vial.
What are the risks associated with the bicarbonate, serum test?
There are no associated risks with bicarbonate, serum test. During a blood test, one may experience minor pain or bruising where the needle was inserted
What is the turnaround time (TAT) for bicarbonate, serum test?
The bicarbonate, serum test results are usually available on the same day after sample collection
What might affect bicarbonate, serum test results?
Several factors can influence bicarbonate, serum test results. These include respiratory or metabolic disorders, kidney dysfunction, medications such as thiazide diuretics. It is crucial to consult your healthcare provider and follow specific instructions before undergoing the test
Why does a low serum bicarbonate increase the risk of kidney failure?
Low serum bicarbonate levels can indicate metabolic acidosis, linked to kidney disease progression. In renal dysfunction, the kidneys struggle to excrete acids and regulate bicarbonate. Prolonged acidosis contributes to inflammation, fibrosis, and impaired kidney function. Monitoring and managing bicarbonate levels are vital in preventing further renal damage
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